Mathematical Reasoning of Tirkah Management: Excluding Illicit Wealth in Islamic Inheritance Law

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Published: 27.07.2026 Pages: 23-40

Abstract

The estate left by a decedent cannot be immediately distributed to the heirs because there are several normative-administrative aspects that the heirs must fulfill. In the study of Islamic inheritance law (fiqh al-mawaris), these normative-administrative obligations are limited to the discussion of tajhiz, debts, and wills. Meanwhile, normative-ethical considerations (regarding the permissibility of the inherited assets) are rarely addressed comprehensively. This article aims to examine the status of haram assets in the Islamic inheritance process and how this is applied in mathematical calculations. This article is a literature review analyzed qualitatively. Data is sourced from books on Islamic inheritance law, other relevant books, and journal articles. Based on philosophical and conceptual approaches, as well as considerations of the principle of ijbari in Islamic inheritance law, this article finds that haram assets left by the decedent must not be used for normative-administrative purposes nor be bequeathed to heirs. The main argument of this article demonstrates that a sharia-compliant inheritance process cannot render haram assets halal for the heirs. Based on this, this article recommends that haram inheritance assets left by the decedent must be eliminated at the initial stage of estate administration to avoid various forms of harm that may arise.

 

[Harta waris yang ditinggalkan pewaris tidak bisa langsung dibagikan kepada ahli waris karena ada beberapa aspek normative-administratif yang perlu dilaksanakan oleh ahli waris. Dalam kajian fikih mawaris, kewajiban normative-administratif tersebut hanya membahas pada pembahasan tajhiz, hutang, dan wasiat. Sedangkan pertimbangan normative-etis (status kehalalan harta warisan) tidak banyak ditemukan secara komprehensif. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji status harta haram dalam proses kewarisan islam dan bagaimana praktiknya dalam penghitungan matematis. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian Pustaka yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Data bersumber dari kitab fikih mawaris, buku, hingga artikel jurnal yang relevan. Berdasarkan pendkatan filosofis dan konseptual, serta pertimbangan prinsip ijbari dalam hukum waris islam, artikel ini menemukan bahwa harta haram yang ditinggalkan oleh pewaris tidak boleh digunakan untuk hal-hal normative-administratif maupun diwariskan kepada ahli waris. Argumentasi utama artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa proses kewarisan yang syar’I tidak dapat menjadikan harta haram menjadi halal bagi ahli waris. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, artikel ini mengajukan rekomendasi bahwa harta waris haram yang ditinggalkan oleh pewaris harus dieliminasi pada tahap awal pengelolaan tirkah untuk menghindari berbagai mafsadat yang akan dihadapi.]

Keywords

Tirkah unlawful wealth mathematical framework islamic inheritance law

Copyright

Copyright Holder: Mu'tashim Billah, Syauqie Muhammad Marier

Copyright Year: 2026

License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

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